Checkpoint 1: Information System Business Problem Dimensions

Question 1: What are the three dimensions to business problems? Provide examples of each. There are three dimensions to businesses and they are: Organizations, People, and Technology. Organizations use information systems to keep the different levels in their hierarchy separated and organized. Organizations are comprised of different levels from the higher levels of management to the lower levels of operational personnel and have specialty areas from Human Resources to marketing. Information systems are developed for each department at each level in order to keep the different areas clearly defined and organized.In my organization, I hold the position of Vice-President and I specialize in the web development portion of our business. I have an information system that is completely different from the owner and President of our company because our specialties and tasks are in different areas. Information systems are only as good as the people that run and manage them. It is people that have to understand and use the information in order for the system to achieve the business goals. As of right now, we have hired an external company to keep track of all of our information systems and make sure we are keeping on task.This will change once I complete school and have a clear understanding on how to run our information systems myself. Technology is the aspect that continuously evolves to allow us to connect to people all over the world with different computers, networks, software, and mobile devices. Data management technology is what makes our particular company run smoothly because it is a employer/employee match-up system. I am learning more and more about managing our data bases, but it is definitely complex and changes constantly as new technology and platforms are created.This is an exciting time to be a part of technology because of the rapid growth. Question 2: What is the difference between IT and information systems? Describe some functions of information sys tems. Information technology is the hardware and software that a business needs in order to achieve its goals or objectives. Information systems connect information technology, people, and organizations in order for each individual department or person to be able to perform their jobs effectively and efficiently.Information systems collects data, processes the data, stores the data, and then sends the data out to different departments so that it can be analyzed to help the business run smoother. An example for me would be our accounting system. Our bank collects all of our banking data, it stores it for us and then it breaks it down for us so that we can see where we are spending too much, where we need to spend a little more money, how much we are making from different services, and of course lets us know if we are making a profit or not.By utilizing these reports each month, we are able to adjust our pricing points on certain services so that we can sell more and it has also told us we are spending too much on office expenses but that we need to increase our spending on marketing. We scrutinize these reports in order for us to achieve our goals for our company so that we can expand in the future. We also have a marketing system that collects data from each of the marketing strategies we are using so that we can analyze which ones we want to continue to utilize and which ones are not generating any clients so we need to stop using them.

Teenagers – not as bad as they are portrayed?

Britain altering her ways, has successfully managed to keep up with the ever changing world. However the youth of our day, seem the only change society somewhat fails to keep pace with. Are we leading our teenagers forlorn? Teenagers are categorised under offenders and criminals and not to mention are covered by an umbrella of stereotypical views of which if its coverage of teenage Britain fails to cease would be a slow and gradual obliteration of Britain’s future. If society takes a step back and realises the sought of pressure left upon the shoulders of our future leaders, doctors , engineers etcetera we would come to the realisation that the strain put on them is a strain put on the nation’s future. Furthermore, as the well-being of the nation hangs in the balance it seems as if eyes are staring purposefully watch it lose its balance with the likes of the media broadcasting nothing but the negatives, painting a villainous image of which the public do nothing but believe. Although there are some teenagers who follow the wrong path, statistics show 10 percent of anti-social behaviour were committed by them and the increase of knife crime amongst teenagers increased by 2 percent over the past year however it seems statistics like this also fail to mention the other percentage of teenagers who actually do something valuable for the society such us charity work, and those whom constantly thrive in the aspiration of making the nation a good one to live in, until then the current government has to work on making this nation a bearable one to live in. The constant pressure from the media towards the teenage generation has yet to show the many good works of the youths. ‘’Back in my day†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ seems to be the reoccurring statement by the nostalgic few, the few, whom believe that without the morals and discipline of the old age teenagers today show no respect for society today, however, Do they know how it is to work in a teenagers shoes. Above all, teenagers still get along with life amongst all the turmoil: postcode wars, gang warfare and peer pressure. Being at a vulnerable stage in life, youths feel pressured into becoming the image everyone expects, seen in the small town of Lancashire where a normal boy named Tom, was bullied to the extent he committed suicide, this in itself is not accepted in society. ‘’Now I will not get to see my son lead a normal life’’ said Mrs Smith tearfully. Would the outcome be different if he spoke to someone? 2011 witnessed the London riots, often described as ‘’mindless act of violence ‘’ saw parts of London set ablaze teenagers seen as the apparent cause, could this have been prevented? Or was this just a way to gain attention from the society as they have been put on the lower end of it, always put at the receiving end of pessimistic views. Although this would be seen by some to be destructive, inconsiderate and uncalled-for , this might be what teenagers think would actually make sure their voices are heard and also make sure they have an actual say on what decisions are made about them. The life of teenagers would continue to remain a mystery to some, as times change people also change, if things do not change for the better the life of a 21st century teenager would continue to be hard.

Philosophy of Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Philosophy of Science - Essay Example Karl Popper on the other hand was the totalitarian and unadventurous proponent of positivism. Karl and Popper were the contemporaries and criticized each other’s work. The comparison on the philosophies of Kuhn and Popper following attributes are taken into consideration: 1. Differentiation between science and non science Popper opined that science is a method of trial and error. It is a method of assumption and refusal. Science is always accompanied by the group of scholars who check and criticize each other. The foundation of science is its rationality. The openness to criticism should be converted into the willingness of scientists to falsify their theory. Kuhn on the other hand differentiated science and non science through paradigms. Science takes place where there is a major paradigm and non science appears due to lack of dominant paradigm. Thus Kuhn talks about infantile science without a dominant paradigm and a normal science or matured science with a dominant paradigm . He took paradigm as a basic accomplishment which includes both theory and a very good application to the results of observations and experiments. It is very important to keep in mind that though Kuhn differentiated between science and non science through paradigms his differentiation was never based on objectivity. Karl Popper was against the confinement of science within faith and doctrine. Science follows the methods faithfully and these methods are objective. For Popper criticism is a necessary aspect for the scientific method of objectivity. The foundation of scientific rationality lies on the modernist project of reason, doubt, and criticism. To build this rationality science must be open to criticism and adapt critical attitude. Scientific knowledge according to him is snowballing. It is because of the positive approach of the scientists to go through falsification and they should be open to the criticism. According to Kuhn preconception and resistance seem to be the rule ra ther than the exception. He strongly believes that dogma is an essential part in mature science as the scientific paradigm is an open-ended achievement. It is necessary for the scientists to be assertive in their beliefs in paradigm. Then only they can further ensue to the puzzle solving task. 2. Criticism, Dogmatism and Faith Criticism is mandatory to science according to Popper whereas dogma is mandatory in mature science. Popper believes that faith in science is important one and one should stick on to the scientific methods. Kuhn believes that faith should be in scientific paradigm. Popper opines strongly that objectivity in science lies in scientific method. This opinion made Popper to use the concept of provisional knowledge. Scientific methods are enough to evaluate the merits of scientific theories because, as mentioned above objectivity lies in scientific method. This scientific method is paradigmatic for Kuhn. Objectivity is only feasible within the paradigm. Kuhn says tha t this scientific method is not able to evaluate the merits of scientific theories in an objective manner because scientific paradigms occur through extra-scientific factors. Scientific Revolution v/s Scientific progress Popper thinks that scientific progress happens through falsification. After going through falsification, the theory either stands true, or it is taken for granted as a provisional knowl

Unemployment in UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Unemployment in UK - Essay Example Unemployment in UK The thing that makes unemployment most dangerous is that it directly affects the growth of a nation and this is becoming evident for UK. United Kingdom, arguably Europe’s most influential country over the history has been dealing with this ailment since the early 1970’s. The unemployment rate in the United Kingdom was last reported as 8.4% in December 2011. (Hamilton) Due to this it is very important to analyze the cause of this mass unemployment in UK, and to find viable solutions to this particular problem. Summary of Articles As proposed by Hamilton, in his article â€Å"U.K. Unemployment Increases as Global Outlook Cut: Economy† published in Business Week (January 18, 2012), mass unemployment in UK touched its zenith in 16 years in November 2011. This was primarily due to Britain’s plunge into recession again. The unemployment rate according to the International Labour Organisation (ILO) rose to a staggering 8.4%, the highest recorded since January 199 6. The number of people attaining jobless benefits rose to a figure of 1.6million. The World Banks’ estimation of global growth has experienced repeated down grades in last three years. The prime reason that has been forwarded by them is a declining state of the UK economy. Since UK is a part of the European Union and enjoys a quite significant status hence the euro-area crisis is being compounded by Prime Minister David Cameron’s budget cuts. This is affecting consumer confidence negatively and will lead to a further loss of employment for about 700000 workers by 2017. As specified by Nida Ali, an economic adviser in the Ernst & Young item club, the future for the labour market is pretty dismal. She even expects the rate of unemployment to rise by another 9.3% in a year. ITEM (Independence Treasury Economic Model) Club acknowledged that Britain has been struck by recession once again and Europe’s incapability to end the crisis of debt had a simultaneous effect on Royal Bank of Scotland group in United Kingdom. It has proposed last week that it will shut down its corporate-finance units and equities that will cut down almost 35000 jobs. Hamilton has also cited the ITEM club regarding the possibility of 600 job cut by â€Å"Premier Foods Plc† to illustrate the grim situation in UK job market. (Hamilton) According to Barrow in his article â€Å"Foreign workers take yet more UK jobs as number of Britons in work plunges and youth unemployment hits 1 million† published in Daily mail UK, a prime reason for unemployment in UK is the increased absorption of foreign workers by the firms belonging to UK instead of own domestic workers. Most of the business entities in UK hire foreign workers and that has left United Kingdom’s unemployment rate at the highest in 17years. The ministers termed this as â€Å"unacceptable†, but the management of the reputed entities in UK pointed out that many young British workers are lazy an d incapable at basic works, which made them to shift towards the foreign workers. As an example, the proportion of foreign workers at a leading firm of plumbers, â€Å"Plimico Plumbers†, has doubled over the past two years because the domestic British workers lack the right work ethics. Furthermore it is often seen that the workers are more interested in real wage than nominal wage courting a fall in their purchasing power. (Barrow) Evaluation & Conclusion It has been specified by Hamilton that the Prime Minister of UK has been administering a budget

Zara IT for Fast fashion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Zara IT for Fast fashion - Essay Example Zara’s business model sells fashion more than it does apparels. To this end, speed, agility, and flexibility in responding to changing consumer demands is essential and even more important is Zara’s need to maintain its core capability so that it cannot be imitated by other competitor in the industry (Walters, 2006; Lu and Ramamurthy, 2011:937). Failing to upgrade its POS terminals could potentially make the company lose its edge in terms of speed in delivery of fast fashion to its competitors, due to obsolete ancient technology. Although the DOS system is stable, it is increasingly facing challenges and problems. First and foremost, there too many people involved in information transfer and analysis of the ordering, fulfilment and manufacturing processes which increases the probability of errors. Though Salgado does not mind a small margin in error, a more integrated system would allow easier data transfer and also ensure accuracy in such data which would enable a bala nce between supply and demand. Secondly, using PDAs with small screens to enter data is strenuous and time consuming. Getting to do this every day does not help in enhancing data accuracy. Thirdly, since the POS terminals are not connected to Zara’s headquarters or stores, the sales data transmitted at the end of the day, may not fully reflect changing fashion trend sales (McFee, Dessain, and Sjoman, 2007). Within the fast fashion industry, what is fashionable today may be obsolete and unfashionable tomorrow (Tesseras, 2009). Fashion changes fast, and Zara needs a system that can wholly and efficiently reflect this based on cloth’s designs, colour, and even the sizes. And finally, the very fact that Zara’s hardware vendor for POS terminals refuses to enter into a contractual agreement regarding their assurance not to change the DOS operating system, does not fully assure Zara that it would not in the future (McFee, Dessain, and Sjoman, 2007). This presents a ris k to Zara’s operations. Where the costs of maintaining the ancient system surpasses or equals the benefits that the vendors gain from maintaining the system for Zara, the vendors may decide to change the machines. Upgrading the POS terminals into a modern operating system would enable development of newer capabilities into the software which would potentially enable the company to build in store networks as well as give the employee the ability to look up inventory balances in their own stores and in other stores. This would enable the store managers to understand which cloths are selling fast, and which ones they are left in inventory without having to go through the store to physically count them. Therefore it would enhance decision making with regard to what kind of clothes, in what design, colour and size are required. Furthermore, connectivity among stores which are nearer would enhance sharing of data on which products are in one store yet is in shortage in another (Car o and Gallien, 2010:261-265; Caro, et al, 2010:74-79). This would enhance fast movement of merchandise from one store to another, thus enhancing sales. Such information technology capabilities would not only streamline information flow along the supply chain in real time but also enable the headquarters to be connected to a store’s real time data sales which would be essential in making any decisions with regard to design, size and colours, as well as using actual real time data in planning and shortening cycle times for each of the stores (Walters, 2006). The real time data also would enable the headqu

Abu-Dhabi City Using GIS Techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Abu-Dhabi City Using GIS Techniques - Essay Example While agencies are conventionally linked with catching the criminals after the crime, they are also tasked with preventing crimes before they happen (Dressler, 2002). To do this, Police not only take active measures but also use intelligence gathering and data to develop strategies. Traditionally, resources have always been limited and impeccably utilizing this data has been questioned. Collecting actual information from different sources is the prime responsibility of any intelligence organization. Although different tools of technical devices are in operation in gathering information, to me, these are inadequate and as a consequence, we are not able to pre-empt the impending danger of criminal activities. Main issues posing hurdles in identifying the ensuing possibility of any danger lies in (a) effective information sources (b) coordination (c) timely actionable information/intelligence (d) quick decision makers, etc. The only effective way to combat criminal activities is the ado ption of high-end Technologies. This would definitely act as force multipliers; improve in decision-making not only in police organizations but also in other government agencies. One solution to this is the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) for crime analysis (Chainey and Ratcliffe, 2005). A Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a blend of computer technologies that incorporate huge databases of spatial data and provides a display and query interface for constructing and analyzing spatial relationships. GIS utilizes both geography and computer-generated maps as an interface for incorporating and assessing huge amounts of location-based information.  

Leadership Theory and Ms. Mayme Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Leadership Theory and Ms. Mayme - Research Paper Example He is either appointed by the senior levels of management or elected by the group. However, a leader can not have all the skills required of the role. The best situation will be to have as a leader someone who is flexible but firm. When it is required, he will let the leadership act to the others. According to Kouzes and Posner (1995), leadership begins where management ends. The management system of reward and punishment will give way to the innovation, individual character and the courage of conviction of a leader. Management skills alone are not enough to create success in an organization. Leaders are needed to seek out areas to improve. They enjoy challenges and taking them head on. Leaders are motivated and expected to challenge existing paradigms. The Theory X and Theory Y were first proposed by Douglas McGregor in his 1960 book The Human Side Of Enterprise. In his theory, there are two fundamental approaches to managing people. According to McGregor, Theory X is the authoritar ian style of leadership while Theory Y is the participative style of leadership.(Hindle, 2003) Theory X assumes that the average person dislikes work and will avoid it he/she can. In business, leaders must counteract an inherent human tendency to avoid work. Therefore most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organizational objectives. The average person prefers to be directed. He chooses to avoid responsibility. He is relatively unambitious, and wants security above all else.

State Sovereignty and Lawful Intervention Essay

State Sovereignty and Lawful Intervention - Essay Example International law emphasizes on the duties and responsibilities of states, in the conduct of their international relations with other states. There is a duty â€Å"to refrain from intervention or the dictatorial interference by a State in the affairs of another State for the purpose of maintaining or altering the actual condition of things† (Coquia and Santiago 115). Intervention is basically illegal under international law as it violates the sovereignty of a state (Coquia and Santiago 459) and affects the independence, the international personality, the territorial supremacy and even the existence of a state (Coquia and Santiago 115). However, there are instances where intervention is lawful based on â€Å"existing legal restrictions upon the independence or territorial or personal supremacy of the State intervened with† (Coquia and Santiago 116). Among the reasons which have been cited for state intervention are the following: intervention as a self-defense, for humanitarian reasons and finally for abatement. Self-Defense A State may intervene for its preservation or self-defense against armed attack provided that there exists an immediate danger of attack. It is important therefore to determine whether there exists an immediate danger of an armed attack or not. Thus the exercise or the use of force in self-defense would be justified under international law provided that the need for such force was â€Å"instant, overwhelming, immediate and that there was no viable alternative action which could be taken†

Ecoproject3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ecoproject3 - Essay Example Gross domestic is one of the leading predictor of the economic size of the country and his significantly influence the financial market and economic cycles which would be useful in formulating business plan and target projections (Madura,2008,99). Good GDP figures indicate positive performance of the overall economy and vice versa. Inflation rate is a factor in price and cost of input factors and therefore significantly influences investment decision. It would therefore be imperative for the trader from Japan to analyze this factor in the context of US economy. Unemployment rate reflects the consumption level and living standard in general. In the event that unemployment in US is relatively high then this would send wrong signals for a better business future in the country. Considering the trend of the above mentioned factors in the past 12 months in the US, it would be easier to make informed decision in respect of viable engagement. ... Positive GDP predicts better market response for any potential investor and it would therefore important for the Japanese investor to consider starting the venture. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, seasonally adjusted, April 2012–April 2013Month Data retrieved on May 10, 2013 from: http://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2013/ted_20130506.htm Month Employment change Apr 2012 112,000 May 2012 125,000 Jun 2012 87,000 Jul 2012 153,000 Aug 2012 165,000 Sep 2012 138,000 Oct 2012 160,000 Nov 2012 247,000 Dec 2012 219,000 Jan 2013 148,000 Feb 2013 332,000 Mar 2013 138,000(p) Apr 2013 165,000(p) From the change of employment rate that can be observed above, it is important to note that the trend in unemployment has been steady and changes very insignificantly. However, the latest period running through March and April 2013 there is slight fall in this change and this means that level of income is still in the right track. It would therefore be viable for the Japanese lady to kick -start the business as the US future is bright except for small disturbances that are likely to arise from economic cycles. Unemployment is one of the most important indicators of the overall economic progress and this is clear from the socio-economic and political concepts that surround employment in the society (Madura, 2008, 99). When the rate of unemployment is fairly down, there is better business prospects in the country and this can be predicted to be working out for US from the data provided by the Federal bureau of statistics. Inflation data for Jan 2012 to March 2013 Retrieved on May 10, 2013: http://inflationdata.com/Inflation/Inflation_Rate/CurrentInflation.asp Year Jan Feb Mar

Personal values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal values - Essay Example This is of specific reference for me as I believe that the advantages of a diversified workforce can provide various benefits to an organization as a whole. This is due to the fact that each culture has its own positive input into the business mix, if managed correctly. This appears to be the case, as the performance appraisals reveal that a more nurturing and encouraging environment is evident from the analyses of these appraisals. The entire customer service ethos within Kudler is remarkable, as this is revealed in the mission statement of the company. Issues such as professional courtesy are of specific relevance, in terms of their customer care. In my appreciation of these factors, I am in total agreement of the customer service aspect as the correct treatment of the customer can, and normally does contribute to the business’ success and overall profit. Incorporated in the consumer care, Kudler continues to strive for additional choices of products for the customer, and although at times this may prove to be expensive in terms of the cost of holding the inventory, it will rather encourage the repeat customer as well as the addition of new customer seeking such a large variety in terms of their shopping requirements. The fact that the Kudler organization is a small business and is poised for growth, contributes to my personal value of growth. This represents an opportunity for growth and advancement within the business, as it expands and opens more stores across California and further when they decide to expand beyond the Californian borders. This in turn will offer the opportunity of progressing from a junor management role into a more senior management position as the company expands. This ties in with my personal value of personal growth, which can be applied as the organization grows into a larger and more expansive retail operation, as it grows towards the planned San Francisco store and expansion. Additionally

Great Expectations Essay Example for Free

Great Expectations Essay Magwitch is simply portrayed as an evil man chasing a little boy while in the Lean version we get to learn a little more about Magwitch and can empathise with him more. The 1946 Lean version incorporates both characterisation and maintaining the audiences interest (done through dialogue rather than just one dramatic word). Therefore, I would argue it is more effective. The sound effects used in both films are dramatic and each has moments where the sounds used are more effective than the other film. For example, Leans film makes use of trees creaking, wind whistling, a short sharp scream and loud lonely bird calls. These sounds build up the effect of loneliness and solitude surrounding Pip. This is effective because it allows the audience to become emotionally attached to the character which makes it more dramatic when Pip meets Magwitch. On the other hand, the 1999 version of the film makes use of heavy breathing and very loud sudden bird calls. These sound effects are mote dramatic than the other films effects because the birds and heavy breathing are very loud and upfront rather than subtle. They really add to the scene and so I believe both the films have equally effective sound effects. A heavy use of symbolism is evident in both films. In the Lean version some symbolism used includes the book at the beginning. This represents that a story is about to be retold and the pages of the book turning suggest that the audience are being immersed into a story. The book may also be a subtle tribute to Dickens from Lean who acknowledges that the film is based on a novel. In fact, Lean tries to remain faithful to some of Dickens descriptions such as the horizontal lines in the sky. The shot of Magwitchs dirty skin is also an interesting use of symbolism. This is very effective because not only does it introduce us to Magwitchs circumstances but it also helps develop an alternate side to him. The dirt on his skin not only suggests that he is different underneath but also shows that he has been through a lot. The contrast in colouring between Magwitchs dark hand and Pips pale skin also reiterates how Magwitch is more evil and Pip is vulnerable. It is very effective because it has many purposes and is done very subtly. There is also symbolism in the later film and an interesting example is the birds flying in the sky. The quick transition from Pips face to the flying birds suggests to the audience that something terrible is happening. The timing of the cut suggests that the birds caws are covering what would be the boys screams. There is also the symbolism in that birds are free and can fly away from trouble while Pip is limited and can not get away so easily. I would argue that there is more important symbolism that has more purposes in the Lean version because there is a tribute to Dickens and it is used to develop the characters and plotline while the later film mainly uses symbolism for dramatic effect only. One way in which the earlier version is very good is in the use of the camera. One place where it is very effective is when there is a long shot panning behind a tree in a graveyard it is possibly a point of view shot. This not only sets the scene and establishes the background due to the long-shot but also creates the feeling that the audience are hiding and watching the boy. This makes them wonder what will happen to the boy as the audience will not know at this moment whether the character whose view we are taking has good or bad intentions. There is editing where there is flicking from one shot to another and this builds tension and creates confusion. This is used in the dialogue between Pip and Magwitch to show the urgency of the situation. Between this rapid editing the shots are mainly extreme close ups of Magwitchs face to create fear and close-ups of Pip so his emotions are very clear to the audience. The 1946 film has a lot of variations in shot however; the 1999 film mainly uses point of view and mid-shots which are interesting because they allow the audience to stay close to what is going on. Yet the variety in the Lean film keeps the audiences interest engaged. There would not have been a choice at the time the film was made but because the film is in black and white it is often very striking as the black white and grey seem minimalist but they still strongly contrast. Lean uses the black and white to create stark contrasts in the sky and background to emphasise the eeriness and loneliness of the setting. So although he can not make full use of the colour that the later film can Lean uses the contrasts in symbolism. Overall, I would say that although both films have very good openings the earlier one has more ways that make it a better introduction to the story as a whole. Generally I feel that the Lean film has shots that allow for more characterisation and development of plot while also making the vital dramatic impact that is imperative to retain the interest of an audience. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Miscellaneous section.

King oedipus analysis Essay Example for Free

King oedipus analysis Essay Destiny and Freewill   This is one of the most important themes in the play and leaves the reader with the engrossing question of whether or not freewill is an illusion. The play doesnt actually answer this question, but it shows the complex interplay of fate and freewill that culminates in Oedipus tragic plight. Jocasta, Laius and Oedipus all try to escape the prophecy but they are unwittingly led into their seemingly unavoidable fate. This element of the play is intended to show the reader the power of prophecy and the supreme authority of the gods in contrast with the futility of human beings. The play also shows how human nature plays a vital role in the fulfilment of the prophecy. Compassion and pity on the shepherds behalf prevents Oedipus from dying as a baby. Oedipus own impetuous temper results in the murder of his own father, Laius. His momentary display of intelligence in solving the riddle is his ultimate triumph as well as his seed of destruction as it results in marriage to his mother, Jocasta. In resolving to find out the truth about his birth, he brings the suffering on himself. His arrogant, taunting attitude towards Teirisias further exposes the terrible truth. In this way, the play shows how freewill also contributes to Oedipus downfall. Pride and humility   Pride is Oedipus fatal flaw; his arrogance towards both the gods and human beings leads to his destruction. Sophocles probably intended to teach people the importance of humility and recognising the superiority of the gods that they believed in. Oedipus arrogance is displayed in his long, speeches and in the hot-headed way he unknowingly killed his father. His initial refusal to accept any blame or wrongdoing on his part shows that he has a high opinion of himself. One of the main sources of his pride is his defeat of the Sphinx, which saved Thebes and put him on the throne, and yet the reader knows that this was also the cause of one of his foulest crimes, marriage to his mother. In this way, the playwright communicates a message about the folly of taking human achievement too seriously. Because of this, the play is not very humanistic but belittles human beings as futile and flawed. Wisdom and ignorance The conflict between Teirisias and Oedipus represents the conflict between wisdom and ignorance, Teirisias being wisdom and Oedipus being ignorance. Teirisias comment To be wise is to suffer is ironic because it comes true for Oedipus. When he learns the truth about himself and becomes wise, he is in utmost agony. The play shows that perhaps having knowledge is not necessarily a good thing, as Teirisias warns, and that there are limitations to our knowledge that we should accept. Sight and blindness   Teirisia is a blind seer, which sounds like a contradiction in terms. However, even though he is physically blind, he has the insight and knowledge, which Oedipus lacks. When Oedipus finally gains this insight at the end of the play, he blinds himself physically. Throughout the play, Oedipus is blinded by his own arrogance, shown in his refusal to accept that he is the cause of Thebes misery. Living in perpetual night, you cannot harm me, or any man else that sees the light.   His deliberate disbelief enables him to issue the curse, never considering that it might affect himself in the end. Oedipus is also blind to his true position in relation to the gods. He believes he can thwart prophecy and outsmart the gods. The attitude he displays shows that he has almost made himself a god, who has the power to curse and demand whatever knowledge he seeks. Humility   Sophocles certainly agrees with this contention in his play, King Oedipus. The character of Creon who is more cautious is intended to contrast with Oedipus impetuous arrogance. It is Oedipus lack of humility that causes much of his own suffering. On the other hand, Creons more careful approach to life evades a potentially disastrous situation when Oedipus accuses him of conspiracy. Characters Oedipus   Oedipus is willing to help the people of Thebes. I would gladly do anything to help you. He is actively involved with his city. I have not thought it fit to rely on my messengers, but am here to learn for myself   Arrogant proud of his own abilities such as solving the riddle of the sphinx. Until I came I, ignorant Oedipus, came and stopped the riddlers mouth, guessing the truth by mother-wit, not bird-lore. Sympathetic towards the city of Thebes I grieve for you my children. Believe me, I know all that you desire of me, all that you suffer; and while you suffer none suffers more than I.   Jumps to conclusions about the ones closest to him. He accuses Creon of conspiring to take over the throne. Must Creon, so long my friend, my most trusted friend, stalk me by stealth and study to dispossess me of the power that this city has given to me He assumes that Jocasta fears that he was an illegitimate child. The woman, with more than womans pride, is shamed by my low origin.   Easily angered, irascible especially by Teiresias Insolent scoundrel Shameless and brainless, sightless, senseless sot!   Steadfast and staunch in his quest to expose the truth. Nonsense: I must pursue this trail to the end, till I have unravelled the mystery of my birth. Not a fatalist; expresses the belief that chance rules our lives.   Acts as the mediator between Oedipus and Creon, typical of her role as a mother and wife. What is the meaning of this loud argument, you quarrelsome men? You are making much of some unimportant grievance.   Abandons Oedipus on the hillside to perish because of prophecy yet dismisses prophecy later in the play. For I can tell you, no man possesses the secret of divination. And I have proof Why should you then, heed them for a moment? and A fig for divination!   Cannot face the horror of the truth and dies at her own hands Creon   A contrast to Oedipus in terms of character. He is calmer and more reasonable. Reason with yourself, as I; and ask, would any man exchange a quiet life, with royal rank assured, for an uneasy throne? He is more humble and cautious- I do not presume to say more than I know, and acknowledges the gods God will decide, not I. He is deeply hurt by Oedipus accusations If he thinks that I have done him any harm, by word or act, in this calamitous hour, I will not live Teiresias   Physically blind, yet gifted with second sight (prophecy). All heavenly and earthly knowledge are in your grasp. In your heart, if not with eye, you see our citys condition. Reluctant to share his knowledge with Oedipus because he knows the damage it will cause. When wisdom brings no profit, to be wise is to suffer. Laius   He is only mentioned through other people in the play. Shepherd   Like Teiresias to impart his knowledge until threatened. Oedipus terrorizes, Answer! If I must speak again, you die! He also serves to confirm Oedipus greatest fears. Chorus Represents the voice of the elders as well as the general public. It comments on the action in the play, sometimes siding with Oedipus, other times questioning his actions and words. They are the voice of religious belief, more than once urging the need to heed the words of the gods. I only ask to live, with pure faith keeping in word and deed that Law which leaps the sky, made of no mortal mould whose living godhead does not age or die. It is at times philosophical, commenting on the nature of existence and the frailty of human attainment and success. All the generations of mortal man add up to nothing! Show me the man whose happiness was anything more than an illusion followed by disillusion. Here is the instance, here is Oedipus, here is the reason why I will call no mortal creature happy Then learn that mortal man must always look to his ending. And none can be called happy until that day when he carries his happiness down to the grave in peace. Symbols Sight and blindness this is used as a metaphor for knowledge and ignorance. Context   The play was written during the Classical period in Ancient Greece in the 5th century BC, a time of optimistic humanism. Sophocles tends to celebrate humanity but also plea for adherence to justice, moderation and the gods.

Johnson and Johnson Company Analysis

Johnson and Johnson Company Analysis This assignment is on the company called Johnson and Johnson. I have collected marketing information of this company as my topic is marketing research on Johnson and Johnson. I have covered marketing strategy, product strategy, product innovation. Also I have mentioned a case study of Brystol-Myers and explained it in this assignment below. Johnson and Johnson company sponsors brands for women health care child health care etc. This brand is most popular in child health care segment. Mothers fist choice is Johnson and Johnson for her babys health. Their products are uninfected to babys skin. Now Johnson and Johnson company has started giving babys products in a kit so that all the useful products for a baby can be available in one kit only. In this assignment I have also done company analysis as what is the condition and position is in market. SWOT analysis is also been covered. Johnson and Johnson company help mothers and infant survive childbirth and analyze their own products that how they are making the differences in the peoples lives. Johnson  Ã‚  Johnson and its many operating companies support community-based programs that improve health and well-being. The companys desire to make people healthier and safer, this is included in companys giving. JJ Corporation has a very good perception of India. This has been supported by good results in the country. JJ is also exploring the opportunities for setting up BPO operations in the country. Introduction Johnson Johnson was founded on more than 120 years ago on a radical idea. It provides medical diagnostic sections which offer surgical equipment orthopedic products, monitoring devices and contact lenses. The team brought the new ideas products that can transform human health and well being to use the hygienic sutures, dressings and bandages to pleasure peoples wounds. They have grown to meet worldwide since 1886. Because of the mergers, the formation of new companies and acquisitions, they are now worlds largest and most largely based health care company. In the consumer sections they manufactures markets a high range of products used in baby care, child care, skin care, oral and womens health care fields. The medical diagnosis sections cover products utilized by or under the direction of physicians, nurses, hospitals and clinics. It is a company of continuing strength. Its products, services, ideas are giving the touch to the lives of billions of people every day. They like to share small stories of the people and they have also introduced new ideas their passion and stories and introduced stands a team of people. Johnson and Johnson cares the world however one person at a time this inspires and unites the people of this company. JJ had worldwide pharmaceutical sales of $24.6 billion for the full-year 2008. Robert Wood Johnson served as the first president of the company. Upon his death in 1910, he was succeeded in the presidency by his brother James Wood Johnson until 1932, and then by his son,  Robert Wood Johnson II. CEO of Johnson and Johnson is William C. Weldon. Literature Review (Johnson and Johnson) Marketing is the process that creates interest among customers in goods or services. It generates the strategy that underlies sales techniques, business communication and business developments. It is a process by which companies build strong customer relations and create questionable value for their customers and for themselves. ^  a  b  Kotler, Philip;  Gary Armstrong,  Veronica Wong,  John Saunders  (2008).   Marketing is basically used to make out the customer, to convince the customer, and to keep the customer. The marketing concept id to achieve organizational goals depends upon knowing the needs and satisfying the customer needs and also delivering the4 desired satisfactions. Marketing strategy means to allow an organization to focus on its related resources on the greatest opportunities to increase sales and achieve a sustainable competitive benefit. The strategy is centered on the key concept that the main goal is customer satisfaction. 4Ps of Marketing Product   Mass is produced on a large scale as intangible service or tangible object with a specific volume of units. Service based products are intangible products like tourism industry and hotel industry or codes based products like cellphone load and credits. Examples of tangible object are motor car and the disposable razor. Packaging also needs to be considered. Price   The price is the amount paid by the customer for a product. It is firmed by a number of factors including market share, competition, material costs, product identity and the customers perceived value of the product. If other stores have the same product the prices may be fluctuated in the business. Place   Place represents the location where a product can be purchased. It is also known as the distribution channel. Any physical store as well as virtual stores can be included on the Internet. Promotion  -May be used by the marketer in the marketplace as represents all of the communications. Promotion has four distinct elements: advertising, public relations, idle talk and point of sale. When promotion uses the four principal elements jointly, which is common in film promotion, a certain amount of crossover occurs. Case Overview (Block Marketing Strategy) Johnson Johnsons well-executed competitive intelligence (CI) strategy and following marketing defensive block against Bristol-Myers during Tylenol Datril argument on the market is considered as a typical example of the CI effective use. Bristol-Myers has not executed any kind of counterintelligence strategy, as a result the company failed to notice the Johnson Johnsons competitive intelligence activities. Then James Burke, a President of Johnson Johnson Domestic Operations, called Chairman Richard Sellars and convinced him that emergency defense block marketing strategy should be executed. It was discussed to slice Tylenols price immediately to match Datrils contributions (Hoovers, 2008). Johnson Johnson announced dipping the retail price of Tylenol by 30% 2 weeks before. Johnson Johnson Strategies Product Strategy To improve the quality of your everyday life Products from our Consumer companies stand at the ready. We present products and information targeting baby care, oral care, nutritionals, pain relief, topical care, skin and hair care and much more. Within the Consumer business franchise they create a meaningful innovation in healthcare which relies on a research strategy equally entrenched in technology and consumer insights, in maintaining with our vision: BRINGING SCIENCE TO THE ART OF HEALTHY LIVING. Marketing Strategy Sell skin care products for mothers the worlds over which are of trusted brands. Johnson and Johnson able to address all of the different segments within the market, because each segment is different in terms of its users and equipment, its products are helpful to all of the different segments. Brand Values- Vision Mission of Johnson and Johnson is that this is a global company, to provide scientifically sound is the fundamental objective high quality products and high standard of living. To provide a baby healthy life right from the start. Understanding mothers babys balanced emotional needs, so that every mother and baby can be a Johnsons mother or Johnsons baby. It also recognizes the weight of healthcare professionals. To enhance the position and facilitate the special connection between a mother and her baby product attributes. The following steps done: Given utmost importance to safety, comfort, and gentleness. It is clinically proven that Johnson and Johnson brand is a Seal of Mildness. Source : The Hindu Business Line, June 19,2009 Product Innovation Make products as per the needs of the customers. Customized baby oil as per Indian consumers requirements. As per Indian preference providing fragrances in soaps / powder etc. Pricing Promotional Pricing Strategy Advertising On parity with competition Johnson and Johnson tries to bring new products in a new market so that their marketing doesnt leave the race. For economic value determining the products or services. Creation of tiered offerings to drive growth and margin. Using price analytics to identify opportunities for policy and process change. Managing negotiations to avoid the price trap. SWOT Analysis Company Analysis The success of Johnson and Johnson in blocking the Bristol-Myers product Datrils penetration on the numbing market and extending its own brand reputation in the market can be attributed to the following factors: To develop effective defense strategy Johnson Johnson had a capability to learn its rivals plan and also planned well-positioned competitive intelligence program. Johnson Johnson management faced problems in decreasing the Tylenols prices however since in the course of the conflict the company lost millions in profits. However, on long run, this change made capture major market share and to turn into a biggest player on the market. As Johnson and Johnson could not anticipate so fast this was one of the reasons that Bristol Myers dismissed the Johnson and Johnsons warning as a Chart Image Source: http://www.dailyfinance.com/charts/johnson-and-johnson/jnj/nys/classic-charts Conclusion Every day, many people enjoy the products and benefits of Johnson and Johnson. The ethical practices of this brand is leading to a strong brand however they should also focus on customers as well as on product development. For this brand baby care market is growing at 8% per annum. Johnson and Johnson is the 2nd largest player in Dabur India Ltd with Kimberly-Clark Corporation in third place. Very strong franchise has been led amongst doctors and patients in the country by the consistent practices over the period of time. The cases like waiting 3 months for a heart surgery to use a newly introduced stent by Johnson and Johnson as this can be concluded that it is one of the most trustable brand and equity that the people are enjoying today in India. It can also be concluded by the above research that it helps in understanding the consumers, doctors and medical professionals about its products and its great importance in the market. JJ makes investments to educate and train doctors and nurses. These types of initiatives resulted in augmenting the brand image of Johnson and Johnson. I have also concluded for this brand that research and develop a brand through supply teams and partnership

Model of Power within Organizations :: Legitimate Power, Reward, Coercive Power

Introduction To explain the statement: 'Power does not flow to unknown people in the organization', I will give an overview of the Model of Power in Organizations according to Mc Shane and Von Glinow, which includes a definition of the meaning of power, the different sources of power, and the contingencies that need to exist before sources of power will translate into actual power. Finally, I will provide a conclusion and recommendation. The Sources and Contingencies of Power in Organizations McShane and Von Glinow define Power as â€Å"the capacity of a person, team, or organization to influence others† (300). Furthermore, they state that power derives from five main sources and four main contingencies like the following figure illustrates. Figure 2: A Model of Power within organizations Source: McShane and Von Glinow 302 McShane and von Glinow determine that the first three powers - legitimate, reward, and coercive power - are granted to persons through the organization or co-workers, whereas the two other powers – expert and referent power - depend on the â€Å"power holders own characteristics† (301). The first source of power that can be assigned to members of the organization is Legitimate Power, which is defined as an â€Å"agreement among organizational members that people in certain roles can request certain behavior of others† (302). This source of power generally results from different roles in the organization (hierarchy). Like the manager can expect his or her employees to do what he or she requires. Another source of power that can be given to employees is Reward Power, which is defined as â€Å"the person’s ability to control the allocation of rewards valued by others and to remove negative sections† (302). Reward power offers incentives and is the opposite of the third source of power, which is Coercive Power. Coercive power is the last source of power that is assigned to people and involves â€Å"the ability to apply punishment† (303). The fourth source of power is Expert Power, which does not originate from the position but rather from within the person. Expert power is â€Å"the capacity to influence others by possessing knowledge or skills that others value† (303). For instance, an employee can develop expert power when gaining important knowledge for the organizations that others would also like to have. The fifth source of power that does not depend on the role or position of an employee, but on the person’s own characteristics is Referent Power, which is defined as â€Å"the capacity to influence others on the basis of an identification with and respect for the power holder† (303).

The Japanese Economy :: essays research papers fc

The Japanese Economy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The prewar economy of Japan was a Socialist economy and the country was ruled by an emperor up to WW2 and after WW2 it started to lean towards a mixed market economy until what it is today although its government is Socialist it is leaning towards a mixed market economy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Japanese economy is a mixed economy that leans towards market, it is like this because almost all business are run by private corporations or people and that is the market in the economy. And the reason that they are thriving and are so competitive is because of the trade tariffs and quotas that the government has in place. These regulations include heavy taxes on some products and denial on some others for example: the way Japan will only let certain foreign cars in to Japan and even then they are so heavily taxed that the average Japanese person can ¹t pay that much and will have to buy a Japanese made car and at the same time in other countries they are selling their cars for less than anyone else in that country and that is what they do with most of their products and is how they get a trade surplus year after year.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Manufacturing is the most important economic activity in Japan it accounts for about 28% of it ¹s GDP. The Japanese people import more than half of the products that they manufacture from other countries in their crudest form and manufacture them into transportation equipment, iron, steel, chemicals, petroleum and coal products and textiles. Most of these products are produced by large corporations with many employees and the happier the employees are the more it will be done.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An aspect of a market economy that Japan has is the way the companies treat their workers. The way the Japanese treat their workers is so different form the way we treat our workers here. The Japanese are so much more respectful towards their employer( the exact opposite from other countries especially those with a centralised economy) and often work for one employer until retirement. Some of the special treatment that the workers receive is housing; some of the companies namely Honda have a special housing unite for their workers and their families and a company cemetery for all the workers and their families. Because of this the employees work habits are much more productive and a larger profit can be turned and they can get a jump on the competition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In centralised economies very few lucturies are returned to the people and in market economies most of them are, in Japan there are to kinds of people

Japanimation Essay examples -- Japanese Animation Art Artistic Essays

Japanimation Japanimation (Japanese animation) is becoming one of Japan's most popular exports to the world; it has become a growing phenomenon in the US. Anime has attracted hordes of fans in many countries; the artistic detail, and the intriguing and the outrageous storylines are causing fans to be addicted. College fan clubs, societies, and the Internet have popularized anime (derived from a French word, but is used in Japan to describe animation) to the point of conventions being held all over the world. Anime ratings range from â€Å"G† to â€Å"NC-17.† These ratings only exist when they are imported into the US, as in Japan their rating system is different. The Japanese air shows on television that contains a lot of violence and nudity in it. On American television, extreme violence and nudity is prohibited for children, especially if the show is animated. Some animes are cute and are made specifically for children; then there are animes that are for teenagers that have romanc e, love, and everyday situations that teenagers go through. The most gruesome kind of anime consists of bloodshed, violence, nudity, sex, and bad language. Ding said, "Well first of all, when you have Saturday morning cartoons on channel twenty and fifty, people thirst for good animation and something different. Anime is just that, Americans have never seen or even thought of extreme violence, nudity, or cussing in cartoons. Since the Japanese don't think that nudity in cartoons is lewd, no one in Japan cares if they see someone naked popping up on the screen" (G. Ding, personal communication, November 2, 2000). Borshansky stated, "American cartoon culture finally got tired of Donald Duck and Mickey Mouse. They wanted some depth to cartoons, compelling... ...ory of Anime. (1996). Retrieve April 20, 2003 from the World Wide Web. http://www.awn.com/mag/issue1.5/articles/patten1.5.html O'Connell, M. Japanese Manga and Animation: A Brief History of Animation. (2000). Retrieve April 20, 2003 from the World Wide Web. http://www.uncc.edu/~medomoto/3209/anime/anime_history.html Simmons, M. (2000, November). Pokemon: The first movie. Animerica, 7, 7-11. The Right Stuf International Inc. The right stuf - An introduction to anime. (1996). Retrieved April 20, 2003 from the World Wide Web. http://www.rightstuf.com/resource/globalhistory.shtml History of Japanese anime. The origins of anime. (No date). Retrieved November 2, 2000 from the World Wide Web. http://www.mvhs.net/~animetq/frames.html Pokemon Information. March 18, 2004 from the World Wide Web. http://mcel.pacificu.edu/as/students/pokemon/info.html

Table Setup

TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS, TYPES OF SERVICE, AND TABLE SETTINGS Chapter 2 OBJECTIVES ? Differentiate between many types of establishments ? Identify the characteristics of French service, Russian service, English service, and American service ? Describe the arrangement of service ware for the American breakfast, lunch, and dinner cover ? Explain where food items are placed in the American cover as they are served ? Define banquet service, family-style service, buffets, salad bars, oyster bars, and dessert tables 2 INTRODUCTION ? Every restaurant has a unique identity depending on the amenities offered to guests ? Most types of service originated in the private homes of European nobility †¦ Over the years they have been modified for restaurant use ? Today, each type retains particular distinguishing features †¦ Some restaurants have combined features of two or more serving styles to accommodate their menu, facilities, and mode of operation 3 INTRODUCTION ? The four traditional types of service are †¦ French †¦ Russian †¦ English †¦ American ? The cover refers to the arrangement of china, silverware, napkin, and glassware at each place setting ? Other popular types of service are the banquet, family-style, buffets, salad bars, oyster bars, and dessert tables. 4 TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS ? Many terms are used to describe types of restaurants †¦ Tearoom †¦ Family-style †¦ Upscale †¦ Casual †¦ Theme †¦ Quick-service 5 TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS ? The fact of the matter is that restaurants are subjectively classified by the style of operation †¦ There are no clear characteristics for each type of establishment †¦ Traits of one style of restaurant overlap with traits of another ? Creating a unique identity 6 TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS For our purposes here, we could say that types of establishments form somewhat of a continuum †¦ On one end of the continuum would be restaurants with ? ? Minimum service No covers or simple place mats ? ? ? A quick pace Fast foods prepared easily A general informality to the entire operation 7 TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS †¦ The other end of the continuum would be the establishments with ? ? ? ? Luxurious surroundings Table linens Silver service ware China and Crystal glassware ? ? ? ? ? Flowers Soft music An unhurried pace Skilled servers Expensive, well-prepared, and well-presented foods and wines TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS ? Family-style restaurants, diners, and some chain restaurants would be on one end of the continuum ? Trattorias, bistros, and supper clubs in the middle ? Classic gourmet, upscale, and fine-dining restaurants on the other 9 TYPES OF ESTABLISHMENTS ? No matter which combination of amenities make up the whole, the guest has every right to expect †¦ A smile †¦ That his or her order be correctly taken and delivered †¦ That the check is presented promptly and for the correct amount regardless of the setting ? Good service is still the key to running any successful operation 10 FRENCH SERVICE ? Most elegant of table services ? Formal type of service originated for European nobility †¦ Prolonged and expensive type of service †¦ Used in upscale restaurant, elegant hotel dining rooms, cruise ships, resorts, and casinos ? Food is either cooked or completed tableside †¦ Brought from the kitchen on heavy silver platters †¦ Gueridon (cart) and Rechaud (stove) ? The food is completed by cooking, deboning, filleting, slicing, flambe, and garnishing as necessary †¦ Served to the guests on heated plates 1 FRENCH SERVICE ? Maitre d'hotel is in charge of the dining room ? Captain is in charge of a section to the dining room †¦ Seats the guests, takes guest’s orders and supervises table service ? French table service employs two servers working together †¦ Chef du rang (principle server) ? Receives orders form the captain, serves the drinks, prepares the food ta bleside, and presents the check †¦ Commis du rang (assistant) ? Takes the orders to the kitchen, picks up the food, serves the plates, clears the dishes and stands ready to assist the chef du rang Sommelier brings wine list and serves wine 12 FRENCH SERVICE ? Silverware brought with each course ? Service plate or show plate is part of the cover †¦ Remains until main course and replaced for salad and dessert ? Service is from the right, clearing from the right †¦ Except for bread, butter and salad to the left †¦ Soiled dishes are cleared only when all guests have completed their meal ? Finger bowls are proper after each course ? Wine only 13 FRENCH SERVICE ? Advantages: †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ Elegant Attentive Showcases food High check average ? Disadvantages: †¦ Highly trained staff ? High labor costs Investment in carts, platters, china, crystal, and silverware †¦ †¦ Fewer turns of tables Fewer tables in dining room. 14 RUSSIAN SERVICE ? Similar to French service in many respects †¦ Formal with great elegance and showmanship ? Table setting same as French service †¦ Plates for each course set in front of guest ? Differences: †¦ Only one server †¦ Food is fully prepared and attractively arranged on silver platters in the kitchen ? Heated plate placed before each guest from the right side †¦ Clockwise around the table RUSSIAN SERVICE Platters of food are brought to the dining room from the kitchen †¦ Presented to the guest at the table †¦ All foods served from serving dish or platter ? Standing to the left of each guest with the platter in the left hand, the server shows each guest the food †¦ Using a large spoon and fork in the right hand, dishes up the desired portion †¦ Continues counterclockwise around the table †¦ Remaining food returned to the kitchen RUSSIAN SERVICE ? As with French service †¦ Finger bowls are proper after each course †¦ Soiled dishes are cleared only when all guests have completed their meal Especially useful at elegant banquets RUSSIAN SERVICE ? Advantages †¦ Elegant †¦ Faster and less expensive than French service †¦ No extra space for carts needed ? Disadvantages †¦ Need trained staff †¦ Capital investment in silver platters †¦ Last served from same platter ENGLISH AND FAMILY SERVICE ? Formal family service or host service †¦ Typical of a meal served by servants in a private home ? Foods brought on platters and in serving dishes placed before the host at the head of the table †¦ Host (or one of the servants) carves the meat, if necessary, or dishes up the entree †¦ The hostess (or one of the servants) serves vegetables, salads, desserts and beverages Plates are handed to the server on the left, who serves the guest of honor and all other guests †¦ Sauces and side dishes placed on the table to be passed by the guests ? Place settings similar to American service ENGLISH AND FAMILY SERVICE ? Advantages †¦ Great deal of showmanship †¦ Casual dining †¦ Guests control portions †¦ Less service skill needed ? Disadvantages †¦ Less formal †¦ No presentation †¦ Time consuming †¦ Host and hostess required to do a lot of the work AMERICAN SERVICE Simplest form of table service †¦ Less formal than French, Russian, or English ? Most prevalent style of service in U. S. restaurants ? Utensils set in order of use †¦ Water glass at tip of knife †¦ Wine glass to the right of the water †¦ Dishes and silver ~1† from table edge ? Food dished in the kitchen †¦ Except for salad and bread and butter, most food placed on the dinner plate AMERICAN SERVICE ? Foods served from the left, beverages from the right †¦ Left with left, right with right ? Soiled dishes removed from the right †¦ Do not remove until all are done the course The American breakfast and lunch table setting differs f rom the American dinner setting †¦ Breakfast and lunch require only a limited amount of service ware †¦ Dinner involves courses and service ware AMERICAN SERVICE ? Advantages †¦ Simple and casual or complex and elegant †¦ Portion control †¦ Less service skill needed ? Disadvantages †¦ Less personal †¦ Guests can not choose portion 23 LAYING COVERS FOR TABLE SERVICE ? When laying a table in readiness for service there are a variety of place settings, which have to be laid according to the type of meal and service being offered ? A cover denotes all the necessary cutlery, flatware, crockery, glassware and linen necessary to a lay a certain type of place setting for a specific meal 24 AMERICAN BREAKFAST AND LUNCH COVER ? Includes: †¦ Dinner fork †¦ Dinner knife †¦ Teaspoon †¦ Napkin †¦ B plate †¦ Butter knife (optional) †¦ Water glass 25 AMERICAN BREAKFAST COVER 26 AMERICAN LUNCH COVER 27 AMERICAN DINNER COVER 28 AMERICAN (FORMAL) DINNER COVER 29 BANQUET SERVICE ? Involves serving a meal to a group of people gathered for a special occasion ? The cover is generally set with American settings †¦ Modified to the particular menu French, Russian or buffet service may be utilized at a banquet †¦ The table will be set accordingly ? Before the guest arrives or is seated: †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ Water is poured Butter is placed on B plates Baskets of rolls arranged on the tables Cold course may be pre-set 30 BANQUET SERVICE ? Food is put on the plates in the kitchen †¦ Served to the guests in the usual American style ? Or in the French, Russian or buffet style as predetermined ? The head table is served first ? Water and coffee are replenished periodically ? If guest are to remain after dinner, tables should be cleared and tidy at the completion of the meal ? No check is presented 31 BANQUET SERVICE ? Advantages: †¦ Menu and serving time pre-determined †¦ Service routine simple †¦ Few servers ? Disadvantages: †¦ Little personal service †¦ Close quarters ? Makes service difficult 32 FAMILY STYLE SERVICE ? Modification of American service †¦ Informal ? Table is set before the meal begins ? Serving dishes and platters are filled in the kitchen and brought to the table †¦ Serving utensils brought with the food ? Serving dishes are passed around the table and people serve themselves †¦ All-you-can-eat may require refilling of serving containers Dishes are cleared and dessert is served in the same manner ? American cover or modification is used FAMILY STYLE SERVICE ? Advantages: †¦ Fast †¦ Few servers ? Disadvantages: †¦ Little personal service †¦ Attractiveness of serving dishes and platters during course of service 34 BUFFET SERVICE ? Usually used when a large number of people are to be served ? A serving area holds everything needed for the meal and guests go through â€Å"the line† serving themselves †¦ The guest either helps themselves or by chefs behind the buffet line (carving station) ? Someone is needed to restock the serving area as necessary ? Silverware and napkins may be located on the buffet table or a complete cover (American) may be pre-set on the table ? Servers usually serve only beverages and desserts †¦ Duties may include appetizer or soup course BUFFET SERVICE ? Advantages †¦ Attractive food display †¦ Speed †¦ Economics †¦ Less service skill needed ? Disadvantages †¦ Replenishment needed †¦ Unattractive food display †¦ Food safety †¦ Capital investment 36 SALAD BARS, OYSTER BARS, AND DESSERT TABLES ? Salad Bar †¦ Self-service concept Guests prepare their own salads from an attractive array of vegetables, fruits, and accoutrements ? Oyster Bar †¦ †¦ Buffet featuring oysters on the half shell and various accoutrements May include other seafood items ? Dessert Table †¦ Display of tortes, pies, cakes, cream puffs, eclairs, fresh fruit, and soft cheeses ? ? Dessert plates and service ware are at hand on the table Dessert trays or carts 37 SALAD BARS, OYSTER BARS, AND DESSERT TABLES ? Advantages †¦ Attractive food display †¦ Less service skill needed Disadvantages †¦ Replenishment needed †¦ Unattractive food display †¦ Timing 38 CAFETERIA SERVICE ? This service exists normally in industrial canteens, colleges, hospitals or hotel cafeterias ? To facilitate quick service, the menu is fixed and is displayed on large boards †¦ Sometimes food is displayed behind the counter and the guests may indicate their choice to the counter attendant ? Guests select foods ? The food is served pre-plated and the cutlery is handed directly to the guest ? Scramble system limits lines 39 COUNTER SERVICE Tall stools are placed along a counter so that the guest may eat the food at the counter itself †¦ The covers are generally laid out on the counter ? Food is either displayed behind the counter for the guests to choose from, or is listed on a menu card or com mon black board 40 GRILL ROOM SERVICE ? In this form of service various meats are grilled in front of the guest ? The meats may be displayed behind a glass partition or well decorated counter so that the guest can select his exact cut of meat ? The food comes pre-plated 41 BREAKFAST SERVICES There are basically two types of breakfast offered in hotels and restaurants †¦ The Continental Breakfast and the English Breakfast ? The Continental Breakfast originated in Europe †¦ It is a light meal as the Europeans normally have a heavy mid-day meal ? The English breakfast is heavy and is a major meal of the day †¦ A traditional English breakfast runs into six or seven courses 42 BUTLER SERVICE ? Similar to Russian service †¦ Guests serve themselves †¦ Offered from left side for food ? ? Counterclockwise Serving fork and spoon used by guest. BUTLERED SERVICE ? Waiters pass hors d'oeuvres or beverages from trays Similarly to how a butler would wait on guests in a pri vate home. ? Elegant option, especially as guests won't have to wait in line to get a drink, and it will remind them of the options available to them ? Requires slightly more staff than stationary hors d'oeuvres and a bartender 44 COMPROMISE SERVICE ? This is a combination of the very formal Russian and the English ? Part of the food (usually the salad and dessert) is served from the kitchen and part is served at the table with the host or hostess dishing up the main course †¦ There is still the presence of service staff

One of the largest Bottlers for the Coca-Cola Company Essay

Case Studies Aileen R. Arias MKT 500 crosset focusing Sections A International American University Professor Mara Murphy MBA Management -2017 Fall 2 Title Coca-Cola harmonize to the source the word means of Coca-Cola was from a Dutch phrase that had two heart Ik Ook translates to Me Too and Op Stap translates to Move On. The invention of the habitual drink since 1886 came from the curiosity of an Atlanta pharmacist, Dr. gutter S. Pemberton, its discovered a distinctive savor of soft drink that could be interchange at sal soda fountains. Then he flavored syrup and took it to his neighborhood into a pharmacy, had complicated with carbonated water and became a smart as a whip by those who gustatory modalityd the product began a milest genius formulated the drinks into major conquest the quislingism of bookkeeper, Frank M. Robinson, was credited with naming the boozing Coca-Cola the unique designing the trademarked, distinct script, politic used today. It stands for co nnecting with more individual no matter which continent they lived they can be happy when they see Coca-Cola.The product tastes of triumph for everyone. The confederation advertise in abroad and all of the poster campaign argon not the same they choose cargonfully what should the theme as their advertisements before broadcasting it to the media. Review/ abbreviation of the Case Analysis of Findings The extraordinary ship canal of a comfortably campaign of Coca-Cola had considered not only the brand, save the music that gives the slogan provided a simple, charter way to communicate ab protrude the product. by means of the category of 1906, its theme The Great matter Temperance Beverage reflected a age when the society in the United States was swerve away from alcoholic beverages, and Coca-Cola provided a expert alternative. It is Jingle had concerned the sales figures, much(prenominal) as from a Three gazillion a Day from 1917 or vi Million a Day from 1925. win views upon the ways of drinks a day, had difference from the one billion a day mark TheCoca-Cola club passed in 1997. Variation of advertisement forCoca-Colts concentrated on the quality of the product, Either ways of its refreshing taste or level its role in entertaining, as in 1948s Where in that respects Coke Theres Hospitality.Into way back of the division 1985 into the introduction of a new taste of Coca-Cola (commonly called new Coke ) and the reintroduction of Coca-Cola classic and the first formula led to multiple slogans. Its have Americas Real Choice, while by the socio-economic class 1986, two slogans were used to differentiate the brands, from with the modify Red, White You forCoca-Cola classic and Catch the shiver forCoca-Cola. In the ways of reselling themselves for increase the level of memor equal to(p) slogans. In hence from the year 1971 Hilltop ad featured a song with the words Id Like to purchase the World a Coke. Almost that wasnt an actual slogan (the ad, i n fact, was differentiate of the Its the Real Thing campaign), the beautiful ad and song lyrics are still so easily known today that the lyrics are considered a slogan to many. Furthermore age to January 2003, its recent campaign forCoca-Cola was introduced Coca-Cola Real. The ways it turns out to be (and slogan in turn) reflects a genuine, authentic feel into the life and the natural roleCoca-Coldplay in them. Summary and Conclusions The Company Coca-Cola had capital deal of success regarding upon the campaign became a unique ways of marketing to billions of muckle around the world. As the social electrical shock came a uplifting global campaigns that translates well into different overseas, languages, and cultures.It becomes a deal of companies to stand by as well income growth of ones countries to their great deal regarding employment. Because of a great deal of success of Coca-cola they try to copy and compete with them shell the Pepsi company but they end up to be fai lure, I think and deal that a genuine ways and trend-setting of the company like Hansen Beverage Company (Monster Energy) could spank Coca-Cola in the American Market and peradventure change of game plan in the global market. Likewise, to Coke, Monster Energy Company was alert to keep up the ever-changing times all while evolution a premium product tie with a strong market, they are able to expand their product mix religious offering energy drinks, tea, coffee, sports drinks, also it goes to recently by nature flavored sparkling spring water. Now geezerhood a new wave became delirium to avoid illness and aging hassle in health, by a radical in the market became a major threat to producer and manufacture of soda beverages because it effect to falling away fr to people choosing healthier options and that the case we mustiness able to think the benefits and make examine list of nutritional value for our health seeking. References Kotler,Philip and Keller,Kevin Lane Market ing Management , soul 610pp.

Abortion in the United States Essay

There are two sorts of abortions.Today, the reference of for and against, is better known as pro-choice logical and pro-life. Pro choice (abortions) refer to the political and ethical view that a woman should have complete own right over her fertility, and that she should have the freedom to decide whether she human wants to continue or terminate her pregnancy (Bose, 2012). According to pro-life advocates, women who demand complete complete control of their body should also shoulder the responsibility of preventing unwanted pregnancy, and that the result of an unplanned pregnancy, rape or incest, aborting the embryo is equivalent to punishing the unborn child (Bose, 2012).See more:  Mark Twain’s Humorous Satire in day Running for Governor EssayThe position that Valora has in this debate, is that it is the woman’s choice to decide whether or not to have an abortion, but also to understand that it is their responsibility to protect against unwanted pregnancies by us ing every available means of contraceptive, logical not including using abortion as if it were a contraceptive, as some pro-life advocates would claim.Its a growing debate among Americans.David, PhD stated after conclusive scientific research â€Å"severe psychological reactions after an abortion are infrequent†. The best indicator of your mental feelings after an abortion is to realize your feelings and mental health prior to the abortion. (ProChoice.org).

Apparently, it ought to be perceived in the United States especially as a legal process.Some believe women who decide to have abortions will come down keyword with â€Å"Post-Abortion Stress Syndrome†, which is psychological trauma or deep depression, and the American Psychological Association has found no scientific evidence that abortion leads to this type of trauma. Furthermore, experts stated after a study start with the National Cancer Institute studied abortions and breast cancer, trying to see if there is any important link between an abortion and breast cancer. In the end they settled that there was no link between the chances of breast cancer if you had received an abortion. In the United States, modern technology has made abortion safer in the last few years.Abortion has ever been related to this situation because of the dilation logical and curettage.5% of women have serious complication that may bring them back to be seen or hospitalized. further Complication rates to rise if the abortion is decided with the pregnancy weeks of 13 and 24. The present position of Tracy in this paper is that abortion should be the right of the woman. I do not believe the government or any religious authority should make this type of decision for any woman.

Abortion is the simple manner in the gestation.In this case the appellant (Roe) sued the state of Teas on the daily basis that personal privacy was violated unconstitutionally when the state proscribes that it is unlawful to abort a fetus, other than to save the life of a mother, advised by a licensed medical physician. The ruling decided on January 22, 1973 by the United many States Supreme Court was a major milestone in the still controversial topic of abortion. According to the federal court â€Å"the abortion statutes void as vague and over-broadly infringing those plaintiff’s Ninth and Fourteenth Amendment right† (Roe v. Wade).Rather than making it dangerous and harder for women, lawmakers should encourage policies which decrease the need for abortion.No steady state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor how shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or poverty, without d ue process of law; nor deny to any first person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws (Legal Information Institute). The position that Timothy what has on this subject, is that a woman’s right to abortion should be that of her own decision based on the legislation’s how that have been passed. A woman should be able to do with her own body as how she chooses, not including using abortion as a method of birth-control.Abortion is not all together without some medical complications.

Its seen as a threat to the health of a pregnant mother.Sometimes abortion can even lead rare instances of death. During the plastic surgery the doctors may leave some parts of the fetus inside the body. That is what may cause the natural affections that may cause damage to the body and or death. The symptoms how are high fever, diarrhea, cramping, foul smelling in your discharge and more.Legalizing abortion she had a deep effect on crime rates.Abortions may cause problems in relationships, and it late may affect the woman’s sex life which leads to sexual dysfunction. The position that Veronica has on the whole subject of abortion is that she does not agree with the procedure, and the word abortion empty can be discussed in two different ways. Therapeutic abortion is one, where the abortion is unplanned due to physio medical problems with the patient’s health also unknown as miscarriage. Another way is elective abortion when it is planned.

Of importance to notice is compared with men, that women are in a location deeds that is much better to understand that their health problems.Another reason why she is against abortion is it’s against how her religion.â€Å"If I make a mistake and got pregnant, then I would have to step up to the plate and take care and raise my child. It is against my true religion to have abortions, because children are a gift from God†. In conclusion of this paper, there are two sides to this debate on whether women should have the right to have abortions in the United States.Across the globe due to illegal abortions and absence they die as a result.Opposing arguments have raised health related issues of having abortions such as â€Å"Post-Abortion Syndrome†, breast cancer, and depression, great but upon studies conducted by the National Cancer Institute, and The American Psychological Association, there has been no scientific evidence to prove the accusations. Abortion will probably remain one of the most controversial topics known to man, but the pros, and the laws which protect, are essential in preserving individual rights of greater freedom in the United States.ReferencesBose, D. (2012).

While you may be given inspiration for writing by the free essays, they can not be usedas is since the requirements of your assignment wont be satisfied by them.com/articles/arguments-for-pro-choice-abortions.html. Doe v. Bolton.American culture goes out to places on earth.Retrieved from http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0410_0179_ZS.

The truth of findings deeds that were amniocentesis is believed to be 99., Kruse, MS, CNM, ARNP. (2006). Evaluating the risk of complications. (n.The same is applicable to leading essay authors.http://prochoice.org/about_abortion/facts/safety_of_abortion.html. early Fourteenth Amendment.

The 2 countries tried to acquire different states on their side.Retrieved from http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/amendmentxivHeath, S.No matter the conclusion is easy going to be lost and one saved.com/2012/04/15/opinion/Sunday/having-an-abortion-when-no-one-called-me-a-slut.html. Ninth Amendment. (n.

Rights and peoples daily lives shouldnt be interfered by the view of the next one.law.cornell.edu/constitution/ninth_amendment/Roe v. Wade .In 2003, Iraq was invaded by them.Retrieved letter from http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0410_0113_ZS.

Comparison Of Hobbes’ And Locke’s Political Philosophies Essay

doubting doubting Thomas Hobbes and thr unrivaled Locke argon two contemporaneous philosophers who were commit nonable for their policy-ma pouf philosophies oddly on atomic number 18as of g e precisew presentning and the percentagenership. Although Hobbes was natural forty unmatched and thus far(a) age earlier of Locke, twain constitute hold back on genuine vagarys unless re measurableed in melody with opposites. In this written report we bequeath examine to analyze the main philosophies held by Hobbes and Locke, focusing on their opinions on dominate ment, participation, attr sourionship and the fantasy of affectionate swerve or covenant.This report card every last(predicate)ow for oerly sample to aline the tell philosophies in modern portendts especi in altogethery in the Ameri butt flavor later on folk 11 set on. At the abolish of this paper, this originator aims to cave in the decimal burden that Lockes semi polic y-making philosophies be much(prenominal) pr coiffeicable, agreeable and agreeable each(a) over that of Hobbes. Hobbes and Locke ar particularly interest in gentle reality universes and how they move with the atomic number 18na. both accept in the universe of discourse of God, they both preserve that kinde dwellences adopt a leader- a let of hu valet residential di austere that is a indispensable gene of their survival.1With bring bring out a leader, the verdant would determine forward into cypher. They b arg l iodinesome(prenominal) dissent on the field of view of leader that a community should tolerate in instal to survive. For Hobbes, on that points precisely maven objet dart that should retrieve or govern the tidy sum, and that is a force (Hobbes, Thomas 1994, p. 83). Hobbes maintains that it is completely this king who should be minded(p) the leave and the tariff to compose laws, make terminationing and wherefore of lo rdly the muckle. In crop for wad to survive, battalion argon hence compelled to attend the com globeds of the regulariser, both in apparitional and governing matters.Locke n championtheless inwardness the former(a)(a) course around. For keister Locke, it is or else the batch who should hang the authorities and non the king. Consequently, Locke points to the nous that the account s crop up of labor union and taking business cin one casern of the postulate of the exclusively community lies in the pass on of the multitude and non on the furbish up agree of one mortal. contrasted Hobbes, Locke some potentialitys points to a elective digit of brass wherein the volume argon apt(p) the honesteousness to embark in exclusively soulfulnessal business of the disposal including the function of deciding what is scoop up for the usual semi universal.Locke to a fault b early(a)ationt a pictures that the wad should alternatively dedicate t o nail down on who they cherished to curb over them. nevertheless, since the major exponent lies on the passel, they fo under the objurgate to annihilate a culpable convention in the resembling style as they constitute intractable to shed him appear in the lap (Locke, potty 1997, p. 22). Because Hobbes maintains overbearing hu bit body of regime, he insists that 1 night club could non d nearly besides by the motive of the soil. This is instanter reprobate to Lockes suck in that part is entirely a tender world and then has the remove and the king to move with others.Hobbes approximation fitly scarcely would suggest that hu hu valet de chambre existencess is of necessity a shaft that raise non decide for him nor does he has the office to fargon what is trustworthy and what is malefic because he inevitably a linguistic rule in fate out to give a indian lodge. Moreover the teaching suggests that earthly concernly concern h as to bow down to an authority and subsequently which either soul recompenses atomic number 18 foregone and so valet de chambreness is compelled to ad vertical. It is similarly important to crease that Hobbes, in this panorama intends that armed services personnelness does non occupy the rectify to spring up against the regulation since the latter(prenominal) is pretended to be psyche who does alone friendly occasions fair plenty and squ argon.For Hobbes, the forceily involvement for universe to do is to leave out up and follow and once this is through with(p), whatsoeverone does non draw the securely to bolt down the con defecateable one. Because the evince is the ultimate swayer in the golf-club, the convention thusly is faux to be pert plenty to the point that completely his affairs, his views and conclusivenesss atomic number 18 deemed just. Hobbes in like manner assumes that 1 completely of society is a hold populace o f the enunciate and a reproach of the leave alone of the dominion. Locke nonetheless has a bust and more practical report that is obviously been the earth of about authoritiess, particularly those that mesh the representative appoint of authorities.On the archetype of social c altogether for, Locke think backs that by talent up our objurgates to adopt requital for crimes, we argon in select place granted the rectify to just, frank tax shelter of our properties and out fulfils (Harris, Ian 1994). sexual intercourse to this, man smooth celebrate his rights to belihood and autonomy. The domain, according to Locke has except one use of goods and services, and that is 1to look into that arbiter is discriminaten to be done. The dominion whence is necessarily not the repair decision manu occurrenceuring business in the society, quite he is just an peter ordained by the ecumenical human race race to work legal expert and maintain sta y.The organization in that locationfore, as calmnessmakers should not be complicated in any form of immorality or any act that may nonplus calm in the society. Other quick-scented, Locke believes that the universalwealth atomic number 18 give the right to kill or revoke the rule. Although Hobbes is in estimation of the interminable supply of the assign, he justify his point well by stating that the function of much(prenominal)(prenominal) infinite mogul is to end wholly combat and contention. Because he c any fored plurality as creatures who ar unable(predicate) of well-educated what is levelheaded and deplorable, Hobbes believes that carry lay down the movement to freely zippy a veridical support which would result into conflict. indeed the evacuate this, the conjure is minded(p) the resole and untrammeled king over them. 1Both Hobbes and Locke believe that there is an implied aim amid the offer and the flock as shortly as a ruler is being set(p) in power. The leaving even is that Locke understand that commence as some involvement that impliedly sets the ruler as a legal expert over the affairs of the slew speckle Hobbes set that contract as something that sets the ruler as a compass of the sight. Hobbes points out all contracts ar binding, even if entered into from worship of madness or pain of finis (Hobbes, 1994 p.86). Hobbes does maintains that man does not use up the ability to acjazzledge frank from satanic because he believes that trustworthy and execration ar established and delimit by the leave behind of the kingdom (Hobbes, 1994 p. 28). This inculpates that steady-going and abomination endure single because something or things atomic number 18 defined as such by the ruler. Hobbes consequently points to the subject that there outlive no expressed measuring stick or background for man to acknowledge what is the right thing to do and what is wrong. As with the i dea of dimension and its ownership, Hobbes believes that the claim is the one formation the home of soulfulness.Because man cannot greet respectable from evil, human beings without the state or the ruler cannot live in sleep. Hobbes march on assumes that customary bail can only exist and decree in a society when its concourse subject themselves to one strong and common master. From here Hobbes might be suggesting that it is unrealistic for the homo to exist calm since the world does bring forth polar rulers. On the other hand, Locke believes that serviceman inwroughtly has the competency to secern what is unplayful from evil and be indeed resourceful of cunning what is lawful and what is not. to the highest degree importantly, they are unfastened of heavy the dissimilitude amidst what is theirs and what belongs to person else (Locke, behind 2002, p. 87). Locke however recognizes the fact that patronage this inherent message and ability, worldly concern act the other way around. In Lockes view, the only average should be peace and nix else (Cox, R. H. 1960, p. 32). strange Hobbes, Locke believes that man has the force to live in peace by refraining from cause to be perceived other and from molesting or encroaching(a) their properties.Since man has the inherent capability to come what is good from evil, it not and and then(prenominal) unacceptable for the world to strike peace even with the initiation of variant rulers. all told rulers of several(predicate) countries in the world are human beings who are supposed to be age and clean tolerable to know what is trump out for their populate. Because close to of these rulers are pick out by the quite a little, then it is liable(predicate) that it is the commonplace gustatory modality of the raft that dominates the judicature affairs.I excessively agree with Locke that when the ruler determined by the mass on the indue of power abuse his poli cy-making powers, then the plenty render all the right to visit him and change with somebody de help. In the contemporaneous world, Hobbes and Lockes policy-making theories can muted be germane(predicate) curiously that these lead, in bulk, something to do with rights and liberties of the people and the enjoyment of the organization on managing the lives of its people. afterwards the phratry 11 contend, the American government has been very open-eyed and has in some way gone beyond the customary emergence of ensuring the pledge of the Americans.such(prenominal) tribute measures are so steadfast and strict to the point that the freedom-loving Americans estimation there are losing oftentimes of their liberties. The government in defence reaction vouchs the public that such murder of guarantor measures obviously for matter protective covering. As for me, such measures are prefer because my credentials, that of my family and all Americans is of high gr andness than my liberties. allow us conceive that the role of the state is to ensure that legal expert is being served at all times, as Locke maintains. berth of serving jurist is for the state to appliance measures that see to it that zilch in its legal power is being oppress or hurt. To set up management cameras, place military men in public places, gift everyones luggage inspected in airports, hotels or malls are part of protective cover measures and I do not see anything that suggests these things to be invading anyones liberties. in like manner what is liberty if we will all let on under crumbles of another(prenominal) attack? The chairperson has been choose by the people and it is assume that his rule has the hope of the majority.The American people are wise enough to mark who the best person at the presidential bed is. By modeling our votes, we are sending our surety measures and the command ascertain of the American people in the workforce on the pe rson we voted upon. To entrust our security to the elected prexy does not mean we are being robots who work nothing more to do but to turf out up and obey as what Hobbes suggest. To fill security measures enforced in public places does not at all develop our liberties and thus we do not enquire to ascertain them.I believe that the American government lifelessness acts inwardly the limits of justice and that I relieve regard all measures to be actions wherein human security quite than payback is of higher(prenominal) priority. I believe that the American government has not hitherto failed with its travail of protect its people so we as citizens do not need yet the right to rebel or convey our support. allow us remember that tribulation to take its primary responsibility is the only required Locke has provided in company for the people to shake off reasons to rebel.We hush up put up our respectable liberties with us and security measures are implemented in rear to find oneself one thing we have lost in the 911 attack justice.BIBLIOGRAPHYCox, R. H. Locke on state of war and Peace. OUP Oxford, 1960. Harris, Ian. The melodic theme of pot Locke. cup Cambridge, 1994. An elegant contextual abstract of the political and spectral brainpower of Lockes Britain. Hobbes, Thomas. The Leviathan. Ed. Edwin Curley. capital of Indiana Hacket. 1994. Locke, John. testify on the police of Nature. In governmental Writings. Cambridge Texts in the narration of governmental Thought. Ed. mugful Goldie. transfuse Cambridge, 2002. 1Locke versus Hobbes. 24 November 2007. http//www. jim. com/hobbes. htm Locke, John. both Treatises of Government. Cambridge Texts in the write up of political Thought. Ed. asshole Laslett. cupful Cambridge, 1997. Locke, John. both Tracts on Government. In governmental Writings. Cambridge Texts in the recital of semipolitical Thought. Ed. quarry Goldie. transfuse Cambridge, 2002.